Sarkoidos knölros bilder

Pulmonary and mediastinal involvement of sarcoidosis is extremely common, seen in over 90% of patients with sarcoidosis. Radiographic features are variable depending on the stage of the disease. 

For a general discussion, please refer to the parent article: sarcoidosis.

Pulmonary manifestations are present in ~ 90% of patients. Patients between 20 and 40 years of age are most commonly affected, although lung involvement can be seen at any age ¹. There is a slight female predominance, particularly among African-Americans. It is rare in Asians.

Clinical presentation is variable. Approximately 50% of patients are asymptomatic. The remainder present with either respiratory symptoms (e.g. cough and dyspnea) or skin changes (e.g. erythema nodosum, lupus pernio, scars, plaques) ³.

Löfgren syndrome is an uncommon but specific acute presentation with a better prognosis.

Respiratory function tests tend to demonstrate a restrictive pattern with reduced lung volumes and reduced diffusion capacity. Obstructive components are usually seen in patients who also smoke, and are primarily attributable to the latter ⁶.

Sarcoid granulomata mainly occur in a distribut

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Sarcoidosis Images

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Papular sarcoid on the arm 

Sarcoid on the arm 

Sarcoid plaques on the arm 

Papular sarcoid of the lids 

Nasal rim sarcoid papules 

Purple plaques of sarcoid on the back 

Patch sarcoid on the thigh 

Indurated plaques of sarcoid on the buttocks 

Patch and plaque sarcoid on the legs 

Typical orange red sarcoid on the ala nasi 

Papular sarcoid on the arm 

Papular sarcoid on the arms 

Plaque sarcoid on the cheek and nose 

Nodular nasal sarcoid 

Sarcoid on the thigh 

Dermoscopy of sarcoid 

Annular sarcoid on the arm 

Sarcoid on the leg 

Patch and plaque sarcoid on the legs 

Papular sarcoid on the arm 

Diascopy of sarcoid on the trunk - showing apple-jelly nodules 

Dermoscopy of scar sarcoid 

Dermoscopy of scar sarcoid 

Orange brown plaque sarcoid 

Plaque sarcoid on the trunk 

Plaque sarcoid on the trunk 

Patch sarcoid around the hairline 

Diascopy of sarcoid on the trunk - showing apple-jelly nodules 

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Sarcoidosis is a non-caseating granulomatous multisystem disease with a wide range of clinical and radiographic manifestations. 

Individual systemic manifestations are discussed in respective articles: 

The remainder of this article pertains to a general discussion of sarcoidosis. 

On this page:

Sarcoidosis occurs all over the world in all ages and races. Attempts to describe accurate epidemiology are complicated by the use of inconsistent diagnostic criteria and variable (often asymptomatic) ⁹ disease manifestations.

Still, certain epidemiological patterns are reported in the literature:

• age of onset

  • most commonly presents between 2^nd through 4^th decades of life, although diagnosis in children and elderly also recognized ³

• gender

  • inconsistent data ⁶

  • there may be a small female predominance among African-Americans ^3,6

• race

  • the highest incidence in African-Americans (36 to 50 per ,) ⁵ and northern europeisk Caucasians

  • incidence among Caucasians has been estimated at 11 to 20 per , ^4,5

  • the reported incidence fryst vatten lower in Asian populations

• heritability

  • familial clustering of sarcoidosis has been reported, suggesting ei